226 lines
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226 lines
8.1 KiB
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<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 2.1.3</h1></td>
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<td id="breadcrumb_right"><a href="../toc.html">Table of Contents Page</a></td>
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<a href="http://codeigniter.com/">CodeIgniter Home</a> ›
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<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> ›
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Unit Testing Class
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<td id="searchbox"><form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/search"><input type="hidden" name="as_sitesearch" id="as_sitesearch" value="codeigniter.com/user_guide/" />Search User Guide <input type="text" class="input" style="width:200px;" name="q" id="q" size="31" maxlength="255" value="" /> <input type="submit" class="submit" name="sa" value="Go" /></form></td>
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<h1>Unit Testing Class</h1>
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<p>Unit testing is an approach to software development in which tests are written for each function in your application.
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If you are not familiar with the concept you might do a little googling on the subject.</p>
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<p>CodeIgniter's Unit Test class is quite simple, consisting of an evaluation function and two result functions.
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It's not intended to be a full-blown test suite but rather a simple mechanism to evaluate your code
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to determine if it is producing the correct data type and result.
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</p>
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<h2>Initializing the Class</h2>
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<p>Like most other classes in CodeIgniter, the Unit Test class is initialized in your controller using the <dfn>$this->load->library</dfn> function:</p>
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<code>$this->load->library('unit_test');</code>
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<p>Once loaded, the Unit Test object will be available using: <dfn>$this->unit</dfn></p>
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<h2>Running Tests</h2>
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<p>Running a test involves supplying a test and an expected result to the following function:</p>
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<h2>$this->unit->run( <var>test</var>, <var>expected result</var>, '<var>test name</var>', '<var>notes</var>');</h2>
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<p>Where <var>test</var> is the result of the code you wish to test, <var>expected result</var> is the data type you expect,
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<var>test name</var> is an optional name you can give your test, and <var>notes</var> are optional notes. Example:</p>
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<code>$test = 1 + 1;<br />
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<br />
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$expected_result = 2;<br />
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<br />
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$test_name = 'Adds one plus one';<br />
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<br />
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$this->unit->run($test, $expected_result, $test_name);</code>
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<p>The expected result you supply can either be a literal match, or a data type match. Here's an example of a literal:</p>
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<code>$this->unit->run('Foo', 'Foo');</code>
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<p>Here is an example of a data type match:</p>
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<code>$this->unit->run('Foo', 'is_string');</code>
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<p>Notice the use of "is_string" in the second parameter? This tells the function to evaluate whether your test is producing a string
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as the result. Here is a list of allowed comparison types:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>is_object</li>
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<li>is_string</li>
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<li>is_bool</li>
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<li>is_true</li>
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<li>is_false</li>
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<li>is_int</li>
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<li>is_numeric</li>
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<li>is_float</li>
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<li>is_double</li>
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<li>is_array</li>
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<li>is_null</li>
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</ul>
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<h2>Generating Reports</h2>
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<p>You can either display results after each test, or your can run several tests and generate a report at the end.
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To show a report directly simply echo or return the <var>run</var> function:</p>
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<code>echo $this->unit->run($test, $expected_result);</code>
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<p>To run a full report of all tests, use this:</p>
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<code>echo $this->unit->report();</code>
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<p>The report will be formatted in an HTML table for viewing. If you prefer the raw data you can retrieve an array using:</p>
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<code>echo $this->unit->result();</code>
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<h2>Strict Mode</h2>
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<p>By default the unit test class evaluates literal matches loosely. Consider this example:</p>
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<code>$this->unit->run(1, TRUE);</code>
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<p>The test is evaluating an integer, but the expected result is a boolean. PHP, however, due to it's loose data-typing
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will evaluate the above code as TRUE using a normal equality test:</p>
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<code>if (1 == TRUE) echo 'This evaluates as true';</code>
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<p>If you prefer, you can put the unit test class in to strict mode, which will compare the data type as well as the value:</p>
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<code>if (1 === TRUE) echo 'This evaluates as FALSE';</code>
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<p>To enable strict mode use this:</p>
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<code>$this->unit->use_strict(TRUE);</code>
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<h2>Enabling/Disabling Unit Testing</h2>
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<p>If you would like to leave some testing in place in your scripts, but not have it run unless you need it, you can disable
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unit testing using:</p>
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<code>$this->unit->active(FALSE)</code>
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<h2>Unit Test Display</h2>
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<p>When your unit test results display, the following items show by default:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Test Name (test_name)</li>
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<li>Test Datatype (test_datatype)</li>
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<li>Expected Datatype (res_datatype)</li>
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<li>Result (result)</li>
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<li>File Name (file)</li>
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<li>Line Number (line)</li>
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<li>Any notes you entered for the test (notes)</li>
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</ul>
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You can customize which of these items get displayed by using <kbd>$this->unit->set_items()</kbd>. For example, if you only wanted the test name and the result displayed:</p>
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<h3>Customizing displayed tests</h3>
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<code>
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$this->unit->set_test_items(array('test_name', 'result'));
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</code>
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<h3>Creating a Template</h3>
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<p>If you would like your test results formatted differently then the default you can set your own template. Here is an
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example of a simple template. Note the required pseudo-variables:</p>
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<code>
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$str = '<br />
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<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1"><br />
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<kbd>{rows}</kbd><br />
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<tr><br />
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<td><kbd>{item}</kbd></td><br />
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<td><kbd>{result}</kbd></td><br />
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</tr><br />
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<kbd>{/rows}</kbd><br />
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</table>';<br />
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<br />
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$this->unit->set_template($str);
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</code>
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<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> Your template must be declared <strong>before</strong> running the unit test process.</p>
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<p>
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Previous Topic: <a href="typography.html">Typography Class</a>
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<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> ·
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