171 lines
7.5 KiB
HTML
171 lines
7.5 KiB
HTML
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
||
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
|
||
|
|
<head>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
||
|
|
<title>URI Routing : CodeIgniter User Guide</title>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<style type='text/css' media='all'>@import url('../userguide.css');</style>
|
||
|
|
<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' media='all' href='../userguide.css' />
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/nav.js"></script>
|
||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/prototype.lite.js"></script>
|
||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/moo.fx.js"></script>
|
||
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/user_guide_menu.js"></script>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<meta http-equiv='expires' content='-1' />
|
||
|
|
<meta http-equiv= 'pragma' content='no-cache' />
|
||
|
|
<meta name='robots' content='all' />
|
||
|
|
<meta name='author' content='ExpressionEngine Dev Team' />
|
||
|
|
<meta name='description' content='CodeIgniter User Guide' />
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</head>
|
||
|
|
<body>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<!-- START NAVIGATION -->
|
||
|
|
<div id="nav"><div id="nav_inner"><script type="text/javascript">create_menu('../');</script></div></div>
|
||
|
|
<div id="nav2"><a name="top"></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="myHeight.toggle();"><img src="../images/nav_toggle_darker.jpg" width="154" height="43" border="0" title="Toggle Table of Contents" alt="Toggle Table of Contents" /></a></div>
|
||
|
|
<div id="masthead">
|
||
|
|
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 2.1.3</h1></td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="breadcrumb_right"><a href="../toc.html">Table of Contents Page</a></td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<!-- END NAVIGATION -->
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<!-- START BREADCRUMB -->
|
||
|
|
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
|
||
|
|
<tr>
|
||
|
|
<td id="breadcrumb">
|
||
|
|
<a href="http://codeigniter.com/">CodeIgniter Home</a> ›
|
||
|
|
<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> ›
|
||
|
|
URI Routing
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td id="searchbox"><form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/search"><input type="hidden" name="as_sitesearch" id="as_sitesearch" value="codeigniter.com/user_guide/" />Search User Guide <input type="text" class="input" style="width:200px;" name="q" id="q" size="31" maxlength="255" value="" /> <input type="submit" class="submit" name="sa" value="Go" /></form></td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
<!-- END BREADCRUMB -->
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<br clear="all" />
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<!-- START CONTENT -->
|
||
|
|
<div id="content">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h1>URI Routing</h1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Typically there is a one-to-one relationship between a URL string and its corresponding controller class/method.
|
||
|
|
The segments in a URI normally follow this pattern:</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>example.com/<dfn>class</dfn>/<samp>function</samp>/<var>id</var>/</code>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>In some instances, however, you may want to remap this relationship so that a different class/function can be called
|
||
|
|
instead of the one corresponding to the URL.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>For example, lets say you want your URLs to have this prototype:</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
example.com/product/1/<br />
|
||
|
|
example.com/product/2/<br />
|
||
|
|
example.com/product/3/<br />
|
||
|
|
example.com/product/4/
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Normally the second segment of the URL is reserved for the function name, but in the example above it instead has a product ID.
|
||
|
|
To overcome this, CodeIgniter allows you to remap the URI handler.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h2>Setting your own routing rules</h2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Routing rules are defined in your <var>application/config/routes.php</var> file. In it you'll see an array called <dfn>$route</dfn> that
|
||
|
|
permits you to specify your own routing criteria. Routes can either be specified using <dfn>wildcards</dfn> or <dfn>Regular Expressions</dfn></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h2>Wildcards</h2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>A typical wildcard route might look something like this:</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['product/:num'] = "catalog/product_lookup";</code>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>In a route, the array key contains the URI to be matched, while the array value contains the destination it should be re-routed to.
|
||
|
|
In the above example, if the literal word "product" is found in the first segment of the URL, and a number is found in the second segment,
|
||
|
|
the "catalog" class and the "product_lookup" method are instead used.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>You can match literal values or you can use two wildcard types:</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><strong>(:num)</strong> will match a segment containing only numbers.<br />
|
||
|
|
<strong>(:any)</strong> will match a segment containing any character.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> Routes will run in the order they are defined.
|
||
|
|
Higher routes will always take precedence over lower ones.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h2>Examples</h2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Here are a few routing examples:</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['journals'] = "blogs";</code>
|
||
|
|
<p>A URL containing the word "journals" in the first segment will be remapped to the "blogs" class.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['blog/joe'] = "blogs/users/34";</code>
|
||
|
|
<p>A URL containing the segments blog/joe will be remapped to the "blogs" class and the "users" method. The ID will be set to "34".</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['product/(:any)'] = "catalog/product_lookup";</code>
|
||
|
|
<p>A URL with "product" as the first segment, and anything in the second will be remapped to the "catalog" class and the "product_lookup" method.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['product/(:num)'] = "catalog/product_lookup_by_id/$1";</code>
|
||
|
|
<p>A URL with "product" as the first segment, and a number in the second will be remapped to the "catalog" class and the "product_lookup_by_id" method passing in the match as a variable to the function.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p class="important"><strong>Important:</strong> Do not use leading/trailing slashes.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h2>Regular Expressions</h2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>If you prefer you can use regular expressions to define your routing rules. Any valid regular expression is allowed, as are back-references.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> If you use back-references you must use the dollar syntax rather than the double backslash syntax.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>A typical RegEx route might look something like this:</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['products/([a-z]+)/(\d+)'] = "$1/id_$2";</code>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>In the above example, a URI similar to <dfn>products/shirts/123</dfn> would instead call the <dfn>shirts</dfn> controller class and the <dfn>id_123</dfn> function.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>You can also mix and match wildcards with regular expressions.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h2>Reserved Routes</h2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>There are two reserved routes:</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['default_controller'] = 'welcome';</code>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>This route indicates which controller class should be loaded if the URI contains no data, which will be the case
|
||
|
|
when people load your root URL. In the above example, the "welcome" class would be loaded. You
|
||
|
|
are encouraged to always have a default route otherwise a 404 page will appear by default.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<code>$route['404_override'] = '';</code>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>This route indicates which controller class should be loaded if the requested controller is not found. It will override the default 404
|
||
|
|
error page. It won't affect to the <samp>show_404()</samp> function, which will continue loading the default <dfn>error_404.php</dfn> file at <var>application/errors/error_404.php</var>.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p class="important"><strong>Important:</strong> The reserved routes must come before any wildcard or regular expression routes.</p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<!-- END CONTENT -->
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div id="footer">
|
||
|
|
<p>
|
||
|
|
Previous Topic: <a href="common_functions.html">Common Functions</a>
|
||
|
|
·
|
||
|
|
<a href="#top">Top of Page</a> ·
|
||
|
|
<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> ·
|
||
|
|
Next Topic: <a href="errors.html">Error Handling</a>
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><a href="http://codeigniter.com">CodeIgniter</a> · Copyright © 2006 - 2012 · <a href="http://ellislab.com/">EllisLab, Inc.</a></p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
|